Reading+1

=__ SUper 7 pts Reading log 1 - __ Using Mathematical Models to Study the Dispersion of Exotic Marine Species = 
 * __Before reading__**
 * Read the tilte and list 10 words you think you might find in the text.
 * Exotic, marine, species, mathematics, fish, ocean, biology, scientist, natural, equation.**
 * How can you use math applied to biology. Mention one thing you can think of.
 * I can estimate the population of animal specie what will have in some years (It depends of some factors).**
 * What do you know about jelly fish? What kind of fish is it? If you don't know, find out, cut and paste an image of this fish. Please acknowledge the source.
 * I don’t know about it, but I found from wikipedia ( **[]** ) that “ **** Jellyfish (...) are free-swimming members of the phylum Cnidaria. Jellyfish have several different morphologies that represent several different cnidarian classes including the Scyphozoa (...), Staurozoa (...), Cubozoa (...), and Hydrozoa (...). The jellyfish in these groups are also called, respectively, scyphomedusae, stauromedusae, cubomedusae, and hydromedusae; medusa is another word for jellyfish, and as such is used to refer specifically to the adult stage of the life cycle. **
 * Jellyfish are found in every ocean, from the surface to the deep sea. Some hydrozoan jellyfish, or hydromedusae, are also found in fresh water; freshwater species are less than an inch (25 mm) in diameter, are colorless and do not sting. Many of the best-known jellyfish, such as Aurelia, are scyphomedusae. These are the large, often colorful, jellyfish that are common in coastal zones worldwide **** ”. **

** Dispersion **
 * What is dispersion? If you don't know, find out, please acknowledge the source.
 * I don’t know about it. I found the following: **
 * noun: **
 * 1. **** another word for **[|dispersal.]
 * 2. **** (Physics / General Physics) //Physics// **
 * a. **** the separation of electromagnetic radiation into constituents of different wavelengths **
 * b. **** a measure of the ability of a substance to separate by refraction, expressed by the first differential of the refractive index with respect to wavelength at a given value of wavelength. Symbol //D// **
 * 3. **** (Mathematics & Measurements / Statistics) //Statistics// the degree to which values of a frequency distribution are scattered around some central point, usually the arithmetic mean or median **
 * 4. **** (Chemistry) //Chem// a system containing particles dispersed in a solid, liquid, or gas **
 * 5. **** (Military) //Military// the pattern of fire from a weapon system **
 * 6. **** (Astronomy) **
 * a. **** the range of speeds of such objects as the stars in a galaxy **
 * b. **** the frequency-dependent retardation of radio waves as they pass through the interstellar medium **
 * c. **** the deviation of a rocket from its prescribed path **
 * 7. **** (Life Sciences & Allied Applications / Biology) //Ecology// the distribution pattern of an animal or a plant population **

** from: ** []

** I think that the definitions of color green are the searched by us. **


 * __While Reading and After Reading__**

1. Click on the following link so that you can read the article. []

2. Try to locate the words you though you were going to find in the text (question 1 before reading) List the words you found ** Exotic, marine, species, mathematics, ocean, biology, natural. ** 3. Find what the following referents ** in bold letters ** __ refer to __ in the text: · The species of Jellyfish studied are known as __ Aurelia __ and ** these ** are found over much of the world’s temperate oceans.

· By simulating the movement of the jellyfish over a 7,000-year period the study provides strong evidence that __ the world-wide dispersal post-dates European global shipping and trade __, ** which ** began almost 500 years ago.

· __ Ships __ * take in water for stability before a voyage and, despite preventative measures such as mid-ocean exchange/ flushing, ** this 'foreign' water **** * ** and ** its contents **** * ** can find its way into bays and harbours at the ships destination.

· __ The computer model __ could answer similar questions about the migration and introduction of any suspected non-native marine creatures, according to ** its ** developers Professor Matthew England and Alex Sen Gupta.

· Now we have a tool that can include data on currents, geography and the biology of an organism to help separate __ natural dispersal __ ** from that which happens ** through shipping and trade

4. What is happening with the fish? ** The invasion of jellyfish is threatening to marine environments around the world. ** 5. What explanation scientists had given? ** The scientists say that the jellyfish could not have migrated naturally and that unnatural migration occurs via ballast water from international shipping and because of international trade of marine species. **

6. What did mathematicians find out? What does the formula explain? ** Mathematicians used mathematical models to study the dispersion of the jellyfishs and they found out that “The computer model could answer similar questions about the migration and introduction of any suspected non-native marine creatures”. **
 * The formula explain the position or dispersion of jellyfish through time. This formula is a summary of the mathematical model. **