Argumentation

I. Argumentation**
 * Super... 5pts

When argumenting you defend and justify your thoughts and you also argue about different solutions to given problems. Your arguments might be favoring something or against something. People might justify their ideas by using facts or opinions. Your job is to distinguish among facts and opinions and to be able to use them properly.
 * II. Assignment:**

[] 1. What is a "syllogism"? Think of an example and write it down. Syllogism is a logical sequence that was developed by the Greek philosopher Aristotle. In the syllogism we can have two or more premise and we can do a relation between them. After, we can reach a logical conclusion. Example:
 * a. Please visit the following web page and read all about argumenting**. Please answer the following questions in your wiki
 * Premise 1:** All dog have four legs.
 * Premise 2:** Toby is a dog.
 * Conclusion:** Then, Toby has four legs.

2. Then click on the link "using logic" and write a list of all the important words (key words) used when writing an argumentative paper. Conclusion **** Argument **** Syllogism **** Enthymeme **** Induction **** Deduction **
 * Premise ****

3. Now click on "logical fallacies" and mention the types of logical fallacies that exist. Write an example of each one. ** a.- Slippery slope: **** If a person asthmatic smokes, then this person can have a asthma attack, so this person should not smoke. ** b.- Hasty Generalization: ** She has learned to drive a car, but I can tell that she will run over someone. ** c.- ** Post hoc ergo propter hoc: **** I spoke with you all the afternoon, and now I have a severe headache. The severe headache is because I spoke with you all the afternoon. ** d.- ** Genetic Fallacy: ** ** All the persons with small eyes and slanted are asiatics, because asiatics have small eyes and slanted. ** **e.-** ** Begging the Claim: ** ** These thieves have great wealth. ** **f.-** Circular Argument: ** You are a winer because you always win. ** **g.-** ** Either/or: ** ** You can buy your medicines or buy your coffin. ** h-. ** Ad hominem: ** ** He say that I am unable, He have not the raison because he is a stupid, male chauvinist and unhappy man. ** i-. ** Ad populum: **** If you were a true revolutionary, you would vote for me. ** j.- Red Herring: ** The bus fares will increase and this will affect us,but, How bus drivers can buy the spare parts? ** k-. ** Straw Man: ** **By men like you exist women like me. ** **l.-** Moral Equivalence: ** When I knew that he read my diary I realized than he was a treacherous as Judas. **

4. "Logic in Writing" is an esencial link for you to use when writing your argumentative essay. Please keepo it in mind and revise it when possible.

As I said before it is very important for you to determine if something is a fact or an opinion. Go to the following link and do the exercises. Please check your answers.
 * b. Fact or opinion**. Please do the following exercises

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 * c. Read the text "Special Relativity" in**: [] read it and extract the arguments the author gives, paste them in your wiki. Explain if the arguments are in favor or against the relativity of time theory

When we read the text, we saw that it says "Not least is the poor way in which the theory is taught and expounded". By this sentence and the paragraphs follows we can say that the author is against of the the relativity of time theory.

1-.**"Einstein's derivation starts from the assumption (now regarded as an experimental fact) that any attempt to measure the speed of light over a there and back path will yield the same answer. To measure the speed of light in a single direction requires two clocks to be set up some distance apart and very accurately synchronised. Unfortunately, this is impossible. Therefore Einstein defines a way of synchronising clocks which results in a constant value for the speed of light in any one way direction."

2-.** **"I believe Einstein's fundamental error to be that he confuses the measurement of time with the passage of time. Einstein would say that relative motion and gravity both have the effect of slowing time. I prefer to regard time as an absolute and say that relative motion and gravity slow time dependent processes."

3-."** **The relativities of Einstein and Lorentz-Poincare differ in their description of time dilation. For Einstein, it is the relative motion which causes both observers to see the other's clocks as having slowed. This effect results from the way in which he specifies that remote clocks should be synchronised. For Lorentz, the motion of the clock through the aether produces an actual slowing of the clock. When an atomic clock is placed in an orbiting satellite, its speed is affected by the reduction in gravity and by time dilation. The latter effect differs from that predicted by Einstein's special theory of relativity in that it is a real slowing and is not reciprocated by an apparent slowing of clocks on earth as seen by the satellite. However, since the satellite is undergoing centripetal acceleration as it moves on its circular path about the earth, the special theory of relativity is said to be no longer valid and the general theory is used to explain the result.** "

**4-. "I believe Einstein's theories of special relativity and general relativity to be wrong because they describe the universe as having a fourth dimension of time in addition to the three dimensions of length width and height."**
 * 5-. "The fact that the equations of relativity are so strongly supported by experimental evidence is no grounds for accepting the validity of the theory. Those equations can and have been deduced from other theories. If the same equations can be derived from several different theories. Verifying the equations by experiment does not support a particular theory. The Lorentz transforms which form the heart of Einstein's 1905 special theory of relativity were previously deduced from very different conceptual bases first by Voigt in 1887 and later by Lorentz."**